BARLBOROUGH, a parish in the hundred of SCARSDALE, county of DERBY, 8 miles (N. E. by E.) from Chesterfield, containing 675 inhabitants. The living is a rectory, in the archdeaconry of Derby, and diocese of Lichfield and Coventry, rated in the king's books at £10. 1. 5., and in the patronage of C. H. Rhodes, Esq. The church is dedicated to St. James. The turnpike roads from Chesterfield to Worksop, and from Sheffield to Mansfield, cross here at right angles. There are extensive collieries and mines of iron-stone in the vicinity. Margaret and Mary Pole, in 1752, founded an almshouse for six poor persons, and endowed it with an estate now producing £75 per annum. Barlborough Hall is a spacious interesting edifice of the Elizabethan era.