DEEPING (MARKET), a market-town and parish in the wapentake of NESS, parts of KESTEVEN, county of LINCOLN, 43 miles (S. S. E.) from Lincoln, and 86 (N. by W.) from London, containing, with some extra-parochial places in the fens, 1016 inhabitants. This place derives its name from its situation among deep or low meadows, or pastures, formerly the receptacle of many streams in the lowest part of the fens; and its origin from Richard de Rulos, chamberlain to William the Conqueror, who built several houses on the dykes which he had constructed to confine within its channel the river Welland, which frequently inundated the adjoining lands. The neighbourhood has been greatly improved by draining, which has been successfully and extensively practised; and several tracts of land have been recovered, and rendered fit for culture. The houses are in general old and inconveniently built: there is an ample supply of water from the river Welland, which is navigable, and affords facility for the conveyance of coal, grocery, and other articles of merchandise. The market is on Wednesday -. the fairs are on the second Wednesday in May, O. S., and October 10th for cattle and toys. The living is a rectory, in the archdeaconry and diocese of Lincoln, rated in the king's books at £16. 1. 3., and in the patronage of the Crown. The church, dedicated to St. Guthlack, is an ancient structure, containing many portions of its original Norman architecture, though principally in the later style of English architecture. There is a free school for sixteen boys., who are taught reading, writing, and arithmetic; the master has a salary of £30 per annum, a house, and a garden. John Warrington, Esq. left £5 each per annum, in half yearly payments, to ten poor widows; and there are several other charitable bequests for distribution among the poor.