WELLINGTON, a market-town and parish in the Wellington division of the hundred of BRADFORD (South), county of SALOP, 11 miles (E.) from Shrewsbury, and 151 (N. W.) from London, containing 8390 inhabitants. During the great civil war, this was the first place of rendezvous of Charles I., who, on the 19th of September, 1642, mustered his forces near the town, and having commanded his military orders to be read, delivered, in person, the remarkable address mentioned by Clarendon. The town occupies a low situation, near the ancient Roman Watling-street, about two miles southward from the Wrekin, which rises from the plain to a height of about eleven hundred feet above the bed of the Severn, embraces an horizon of from three hundred and fifty to four hundred miles in circumference, and is surmounted by an ancient fortification; a part of the parish is bounded by the river Tern. The streets are mostly narrow, but they have recently been' much improved, and are now Macadamized, and lighted with gas, and many of the houses are of. modern and respectable appearance. The mineral productions of the parish, consisting of coal, iron-stone, and limestone, form the basis of its trade, which chiefly consists in the different branches of iron manufacture, especially that of nails: several companies of iron-masters possess establishments in the neighbourhood, amongst which are, the Hadley, Ketley, Lawley, and Lilleshall companies. There are also a glass manufactory, corn-mills, and malt-kilns, and some business is transacted in timber. The various articles of manufacture and commerce are conveyed by the Shrewsbury and Shropshire canals, which communicate with the navigable river Severn, and the midland counties. The market, granted to Hugh Burnel, in the llth of Edward I., is on Thursday, and is on a very extensive scale: fairs, chiefly for live stock, and butter and cheese, are held on March 29th, June 22nd, September 29th, and November 17th. The town is under a mayor and constables, and two clerks are appointed to regulate the market r a manorial court is held every November, at which these officers are ap pointed: petty sessions for the hundred take place weekly, and a court of record, for the recovery of debts under £20, is held on certain specified days. The living is a vicarage, with the rectory of Eyton on the Wild Moors annexed, in the archdeaconry of Salop, and diocese of Lichfield and Coventry, rated in the king's books at £9. 5., and in the patronage of T. Eyton, Esq. The church, dedicated to All Saints, is a light and elegant modern edifice of freestone: a part of it is supported by iron pillars, and the same material is employed in the window-frames, one of which is fifteen feet high, thereby giving the whole a light appearance. There are places of worship for Baptists, Independents, and Wesleyan Methodists. A free school has been founded for poor children of both sexes, and there is an almshouse for poor women. A National school is held in a building in the churchyard. There are two valuable springs at Admaston, about a mile and a half from the town, called the Upper and the Lower, the former chalybeate, and the latter sulphureous. A very comfortable inn and baths have been erected here, at considerable expense, the waters having been found highly efficacious, particularly in rheumatic complaints, and it has become a favourite watering-place, being frequented by persons from various parts of the kingdom. Several curious petrifactions of plants and shells are found occasionally in some of the iron mines in the vicinity. Dr. Withering, author of a " Botanical Arrangement of British Plants," and some medical treatises, was born here, in 1741.