LLANVIHANGEL-AR-ARTH, or YEROTH (LLAN-FIHANGEL-ARARTH), a parish, in the union of NEWCASTLE-EMLYN, higher division of the
hundred of CATHINOG, county of CARMARTHEN, SOUTH WALES, 12 miles (N. by E.) from Carmarthen; containing 1993
inhabitants. According to Giraldus Cambrensis, this place Was the scene of an obstinate battle between Hywel and Grufydd
ab Llewelyn, in 1039, in which the former, who had brought his wife to the field to be a spectator of his anticipated
triumph, wad defeated by the latter, and obliged to seek safety by flight; but, being pursued by the conqueror, he was
taken prisoner with his wife, and detained in the power of Grufydd. Rh$s ab Grufydd, according to the same historian, held
an interview at the same place with Henry II., in 1102, when he made his formal submission to the authority of that
monarch. The parish is pleasantly situated on the river Teivy, over which the turnpike-road between Carmarthen and
Aberystwith is continued by means of a handsome stone bridge; and extends for nearly eight miles in length from north to
south, and seven miles in breadth from east to west. The surrounding scenery is pleasingly diversified, and in some parts
highly picturesque; and the soil, though varying in different parts, is in general fertile. Fairs are annually held, on
the 12th of May and the 10th of October, in the village, which, in addition to its public situation on the thoroughfare
leading from Carmarthen to Aberystwith, is also intersected by the turnpike-road from the former town to Lam-peter. The
living is a discharged vicarage; rated in the Icing's books at £6. 6. 8., endowed with £200 royal bounty, and in the
alternate patronage of W. Lewes, and J. E. Lloyd, Esqrs., the =proprietors: the tithes have been commuted for a rent-
charge of £508, of which £430 are payable to the impropriators, and £78 to the vicar, who has also a glebe of 85 acres,
valued at £60 per annum. The church, dedicated to St. Michael, is situated on an eminence on the southern bank of the
Teivy, commanding an eaten, sive and pleasing view of the river and the adjacent country; and hi the churchyard is a Raman
monumental stone, with the inscription Hie Jam Madam Filters SenomaciE. The chapel of Pencader hat been in ruins for
nearly a century, but the cemetery is still entire. There ate places of worship for Calvinistie Methodists, Baptists, and
Independents. D. Jones, Esq., pays a master £5 per annntn for teaching poor children to read Welsh in a school of more
than 120 children, which is held fat only one quarter in the year. Three other day schools are carried on, in which 80
boyar and 35 girls ate educated at the expense of their parents; and five Sunday schools, one of whith, connected with the
Established Chureh, is attended by from 80 to 100 childrens under the superintendence of the vicar, afford gratuitous
instruction to 550 males and females, inektding most of the children that attend the day *hook. Near the village are the
retaking of an ancient encampment, probably thrown up by Hywel, in his encounter with Llewelyn, in 1039; and on the banks
of the Teivy, near the boundary of Llanllwny parish, is a lofty embankment, the history of which is unknown. There are
also three tumuli within the parish, but no particulars respecting them are upon record.