CHARLBURY, a parish comprising the chapelries of East Chadlington and Chilson, and the tything of West Chadlington, in the hundred of CHADLINGTON, and the hamlets of Fawler, Finstock, and Wallcott, in the hundred of BANBURY, county of OXFORD, 6 miles (W. N. W.) from Woodstock, and containing 2877 inhabitants. The living is a vicarage, with the perpetual curacy of Shorthampton annexed, in the archdeaconry and diocese of Oxford, rated in the king's books at £25. 5. 10., and in the patronage of the President and Fellows of St. John's College, Oxford. The church is dedicated to St. Mary. There is a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. This was formerly a market town: four fairs are still held annually, on the 1st of January, the second Friday in Lent, and the second Friday after May 12th, for live stock j and on October 10th, for cheese and cattle. A free grammar school was founded by Mrs. Ann Walker, who endowed it with land, and placed it under the special visitation of the Principal and Fellows of Brasenose College, Oxford.