KIRKLAND, a parish in LEATH ward, county of CUMBERLAND, comprising the chapelry of Culgaith, and the townships of Kirkland with Blencarn, and Skirwith, and containing 712 inhabitants, of which number, 217 are in the township of Kirkland with Blencarn, 10 miles (B. by N.) from Penrith. The living is a vicarage, in the archdeaconry and diocese of Carlisle, rated in the king's books at £8. 10., and in the patronage of the Dean and Chapter of Carlisle. The church is dedicated to St. Lawrence. A school was established in 1775, and endowed with land by the commissioners under the enclosure act; the income is about £60 per annum: from forty to fifty children are educated. Coal was wrought at Ardale Head by the late Sir Michael le Fleming; and on Cross fell a lead mine, called Bullman Hills Vein, is in operation, which also yields copper and silver: there is also a smelting-mill. The circumference of the mountain is twenty miles at the base, and its height two thousand nine hundred and one feet above the level of the sea: on its summit and declivities are various kinds of moss, herbs, and minerals. During a great part of the year this mountain is covered with snow, and enveloped in clouds: a little below the apex is Gentleman's well; and from the summit is a fine view over a great part of six counties.