ULPHA, a chapelry in the parish of MILLOM,
ALLERDALE ward above Darwent, county of CUMBERLAND,
9 miles (E. by S.) from Ravenglass, containing
368 inhabitants. The living is a perpetual curacy,
in the archdeaconry of Richmond, and diocese of
Chester, endowed with £600 royal bounty, and £200
parliamentary grant, and in the patronage of the Vicar
of Millom. The chapel is dedicated to St. John. There
is a place of worship for Anabaptists. The chapelry
extends along the western bank of the river Duddon to
the mountains Hard Knot and Wrynose, where is a
stone called three-shire stone, marking the boundaries
of Cumberland, Lancaster, and Westmorland. A Roman
road crosses both these mountains; and about half-way
up the former are the remains of Hard Knot Castle, a
fortress anciently of great importance, though the pe-
riod of its erection is involved in obscurity. There
are quarries of excellent blue slate, of which about one
thousand four hundred tons are annually raised. Copper
mines were formerly worked, and zinc is known to exist
here. The coppices, with which this district abounds,
produce a large supply of wood for making hoops and
bobbins, the former being disposed of at Liverpool, and
the latter to the manufacturers of cotton, woollen, linen,
and silk in other towns, A fair for sheep is held on
the first Monday in September, and there were formerly
fairs for cloth and yarn, on the Monday before Easter
and July Qth, but these are now only resorted to for
pleasure. The hall, which bears marks of high antiquity,
has been converted into a farm-house; adjoining it is a
well, termed " Lady's Dub," where it is said a lady was
surprised and killed by one of the wolves that anciently
infested the neighbourhood.